Water quality is the core determinant of aquaculture yield and aquatic organism health, among which pH value serves as one of the most sensitive and critical indicators. Slight fluctuations in water pH can directly affect the respiration, metabolism, and immunity of fish, shrimp and shellfish, and even trigger large-scale disease outbreaks and mortality in severe cases.

pH value is one of the most fundamental and critical indicators in water quality evaluation, reflecting the acidity and alkalinity of water bodies and directly affecting aquatic ecological safety, industrial production efficiency, and sewage discharge compliance. Traditional manual pH detection methods suffer from low efficiency, severe data lag, and human operation errors, which can no longer meet the real-time and high-precision monitoring requirements of modern water environment management and industrial water treatment.

pH sensors are core monitoring devices in wastewater treatment systems, responsible for real-time detection of water acidity and alkalinity to support biochemical treatment, chemical dosing and effluent discharge compliance. Unlike conventional water quality sensors, wastewater pH sensors operate in harsh environments with high suspended solids, organic pollutants, corrosive ions and variable water temperatures, making them prone to contamination, electrode aging and data drift. Regular and standardized maintenance is essential to ensure long-term measurement accuracy and stable operation

Water pH value is a vital physicochemical parameter that indicates the acidity or alkalinity of aqueous solutions. It profoundly influences water ecological stability, industrial water treatment efficiency, and drinking water safety. Accurate pH calculation is the fundamental basis for water quality analysis, environmental monitoring, and chemical experimental research. This article elaborates on the basic theoretical principles of water pH calculation and introduces two mainstream practical methods: theoretical formula calculation for pure water and instrument conversion calculation for complex water bodies.